Cylinder for internal-combustion engines



L. BEEGHLY.

CYLINDER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 26, 1919.

1 ,409,5 1 8. V Patented Mar. 14, 1922.

Uh dUU Ui xip KW L717 I 6% UNITED STATES LLOYD BEEG-HLY, OF WAUWATOSA,WISCONSIN.

CYLINDER FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 14, 1922.

Application filed December 26, 1919. Serial No. 347,523.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LnoYn BEEGHLY, acitizen of the United States,residing in the city of Wauwatosa, county of Milwaukee, and State ofWisconsin, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inCylinders for Internal-Combustion Engines; and I do declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, such aswill enablepersons skilled in the art to which the invention pertains tomake and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawingsfor disclosure as to details of construction.

The present, invention relates primarily to the cylinder block ofinternal combustion engines of the type used in automobiles, but it iscapable of being used in constructing the cylinders of other types ofengines, and while I have shown my invention as'embodied in aconstruction of engine of the type first mentioned, it is to beunderstood that the invention is not to be limited to such embodiment,but that it may be used in the construction of any form of enginecylinder in which the medium employed for actuating the piston of theengine is the source of heat created within the cylinder.

One object of my invention is the production of an engine cylinder inwhich high temperatures shall be prevented, and this tures, butnotwithstanding these, the ditfi-.

culty is not always obviated, and is frequently present in the mostapproved types. The water circulating systems now generally employed aresuch as to increase by a considerable amount the co'st. of engineconstruction.

It is the purpose of my invention to eliminate entirely the presentcomplicated and costly systems of cooling the engine cylinders, and toprovide a cooling system in which the rapid circulation of cold air willbe the active agent in maintaining low temperatures about the engine,and s0'pre vent the common overheating which is the source of so muchtrouble at the present time.

In achieving these very desirable results, I have produced an enginecylinder block by the simple and inexpensive means of building up asuperposed series of laminated plates, each of which plates is punchedfrom a sheet of metal, and provided with suitable openings to form thebore for the cylinder when the plates are assembled, and withregistering holes whereby the assembled plates may be bolted into asolid block having a unitary integrity. The plates at the time of passinthrough the punching press are also provided with numerous other holeswhich register with each other and form ducts .for the passage ofcurrents of cold air through the block and about the cylinder. In myexperiments, I have found that aluminum is possessed of an exceedinglyhigh degree of conductivity, and it is from sheets of this metal that Ipunch the plates from which my improved cylinder block is constituted.Having due regard for the proportionate thickness of the walls of thecylinders, the completed and assembled block will be honey-combed with amultitude of air ducts, through Which currents of cold air willbeinduced to pass upon the first generation of heat in the cylinder block,with the result that the temperature of the cylinders is maintained at avery low point during the whole of the time that the engine is inoperation. Y In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a plan view of aportion of one of thealuminum plates of which my improved cylinder blockis constituted, and showing the relative arrangement of the cylinderbore, the air ducts and the bolt holes, by means of which latter theplurality of superposed plates embodied in the completed article aresecured into an integral structure; Y

Fig. 2 is a view in side elevation of a completed cylinder block and aportion of the crank shaft casing;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view on the line 3-3, Figure 1, showing theinterlocking ribs and grooves with whicheach of the plates of thelaminated cylinder block is provided,

and showing the cylinder bore as provided with a lining. I I

Referring further to the drawings, A, in

Figure .1, indicates one of the aluminum.

plates used in building up my improved cylinder block, the latter beingindicated at 55 block, which is thus provided with radiating B, inFigure 2. The said plate is produced by the action of a punchingpressequipped with suitable dies for perforating the large openings a,for the cylinder bore, the bolt holes a, and the air ducts a On accountof the large number of the latter and their distribution throu bout theplate, only a few of them have een indicated by reference charactersupon the drawings. The bolt holes a, are disposed so as to closelyencircle the bore of the cylinder, as well as bein distributed over thearea of the plate in such number and position as to permit the boltswhen passed therethrough, to bind the series of. plates into a solidstructure havin all of the attributes of an integrally forme block.

I also subject each plate to the action of compression orstamping dies,which produce upon the plate a circumferential rib a and coincidentgroove a which, in the construction illustrated, lie in a vertical planeclosely surrounding the cylinder bore. lVhen the plates are assembled,the ribs upon one side of the plate and the consequent and correspondinggrooves upon the other, interlock with each other, and thus contributeto the integral character of the block. The

bolts which pass through the holes a in the series of plates serve tocomplete the unitary structures.

While the action of the dies of the punching press is such that theopenings constituting the bore for the cylinder are produced with entireaccuracy, I have found it desirable to bore out the cylinders after theplates have been assembled and bolted.

As before indicated, the air ducts formed by the registering holes inthe plates are brought into line when the plates are assemb ed, andthrough these ducts the currents of cold air, the flow of which isinduced by the first rise of temperature in the engine, pass incontinuous succession. meta-lwalls a of the ducts radiate the heat veryrapidly, by reason of the extreme conductivity of the particular metalemployed. As a result, the temperature of the engine is maintained asnearly at normal as it is possible to do.

The showing of Fig. 2 is merely conventional, and specific description'of the manner of mountin the cylinder block upon the crank case factthat such manner is as usual and well known.

The invention is applicable in the construction of cylinder blockshaving any desired number of cylinders. Figure 2 shows a 4-cylinderconstruction.

It will be observed that the air-ducts a whatever may be their contour,are distributed throughout the whole of the cylinder The thin isunnecessary, in view of thesurfaces in an unusual degree, and by meansof which any heat generated in the cylinders is quickly dissipated intothe atmosphere. The natural tendency of the heat to induce currents ofcold air to flow through the airducts in the cylinder block, may besupplemented by the use of draft devices of any of the usual forms. Abaflie plate D, inclined from front to rear, may be arranged at thesides of the cylinder block, to force the cold air to the lower level ofthe block, where it will pass upwardly into the air-ducts of thecylinder block. But this expedient will not ordinarily be resorted to,inasmuch as the purpose of the invention is sufliciently attainedwithout the use of such baflle plate.

I have found aluminum sheets to be best adapted for use in theproduction of my im proved cylinder block, by reason of the extremeconductivity of that particular metal. but I do not wish my invention tobe limited to the use of such material. In fact, aluminum alloys, aswell as other metals, may be used with satisfactory results. And whileI' the appearance thereof. The smooth exterior surfaces formed by theimperforate margins of the plates, when asembled into the unitarystructure, constitute an enclosing wall for the cylinder block, so thatthe currents of air can pass only through the openings provided thereforin space between the cylinder bore and such enclosing wall.

In assembling the plates into a block, the former may be coated with agum or cement of heat resisting properties, which with the bolts, willserve to unite the plates into the desired unitary or integralstructure.

If desired the bore of the cylinders may be provided with a tubularlining a, as shown in Fig. 3, which lining will be inserted in anyapproved manner.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent of the United States, is

1. An air-cooled engine, the cylinder block of which is composed of aseries of superposed plates having perforations which form ducts for thepassage of currents of air to retard the rising of the temperature ofthe engine.

2. An air cooled en 'ne, the cylinder block of which is compose of aseries of plates having registering perforations which form ducts forthe passage of currents of air to retard the rising of the temperatureof the engine, and other openings which form the bore of the cylinder.

3. A laminated cylinder block for an air cooled engine, composed of aseries of plates provided with registering perforations to form ductsfor the passage of currents of air to retard the rising of thetemperature of the engine.

4. A cylinder block for an air cooled engine, composed of a series ofsuperposed plates perforated at a central point to constitute thecylinder bore, and at other points radial thereto to form ducts for thepassage of currents of air to retard the rising of the temperature ofthe engine.

5. A cylinder block for an air-cooled engine, composed of a series ofsuperposed plates, in which are formed a transverse cylinder bore andducts parallel therewith for the passage of currents of air to retardthe rising of the temperature of the engine.

6. A cylinder block for an air-cooled engine, composed of a series ofsuperposed plates secured together into a unitary structure, andprovided with a central cylinder bore and parallel air ducts surroundingthe cylinder bore.

7. A cylinder block for an air-cooled engine, composed of a series ofsuperposed plates of high conductivity assembled and secured into anintegral structure, each of the -plates being provided with a centralopening, the latter constituting the cylinder bore when the plates areassembled, said block being provided with a plurality of ducts parallelto the cylinder bore and with each other, to form passages for currentsof air to retard the rising of the temperature of the engine.

8. In an air-cooled engine, a cylinder block. composed of a series ofsuperposed plates of high conductivity assembled and secured into anintegral structure, andhaving a cylinder bore passing through the block,and a plurality of air-ducts parallel to the cylinder and concentricthereto, to form passages for currents of cold air to retard the risingof the temperature of the engine.

9. A cylinder block for an air cooled 'engine, composed of a series ofsuperposed plates of high conductivity, assembled and secured into anintegral structure, and having a cylinder bore therein, the outerportion of the walls of the cylinder being honeycombed with a multitudeof air-ducts parallel to the cylinder bore and with each other, to formpassages for currents of air to retard the rising of the temperature ofthe engine.

10. A cylinder block for an air-cooled engine, composed of a series ofsuper osed plates of high conductivity, assemble and secured into anintegral structure, the outer portion of whose cylinder walls arehoneycombed with a multitude of air-ducts parallel to the cylinder boreand with each other, the said air-ducts having continuous and unbrokeninner surfaces from the lower ends to the upper ends in order to createstrong natural draft or suction when the air with in the air ductsbecomes heated.

11. In an air-cooled engine, a cylinder block composed of a series ofplates of uniform contour secured into an integral structure and havinga cylinder bore, the area between the outer margins of the plates andthe opening for the cylinder bore being perforated to permit the passageof cooling currents of air, and the said outside margins of the'plates,when assembled, constituting an air tight enclosing wall for thecylinder block.

12. An internal combustion engine cylinder having the walls of thecylinder and jacket composed of a series of laminations indirect-contact and disposed transversely to the cylinder axis, each ofsuch laminations having a radial width several times its thickness.

13. A jacketed internal combustion engine cylinder having the walls ofthe cylinder and its jacket, composed of a series of plates in directcontact and each forming a portion of the cylinder and its jacket.

14. A laminated internal combustion engine body having a machined boreextending transversely of the laminations and constituting a combustionchamber, the laminations having a radial width exceeding theirthickness, and arranged in contact with each other throughout theirsurface areas.

15 A laminated internal combustion engine body having a series ofmachined bores extending transversely of the laminations along a linelongitudinal of the body, each bore constituting a combustion chamber;said laminations being also apertured to provide multiple duct along thecombustion chambers, adapted to direct a cooling agent into heatabsorbing relation to the walls of such chambers.

16. A jacketed internal combustion engine having the walls of itscylinder composed of a series of superposed plates substantially uniformin configuration, and each of such plates forming a part of the cylinderand its jacket.

17. An internal combustion engine having the walls of its cylinder andits jacket composed of a series of superposed plates of substantiallylike diameter, -each of said plates having a plurality of perforationsabout the cylinder bore to form ducts for the passage of coolingcurrents of air.

18. In an engine, a cylinder block embodying a plurality of plates eachformed with cylinder bores and openings for the latter for theconduction of a cooling agent through the cylinder block, 'andwithlimngs for t e cylinder bores extending axially thereof.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name at Milwaukee, Wis., this19th day of December, 1919.

LLOYD BEEGHLY.

Witnesses W. F'. Woomnn, A. R. WOOLFOLK, Jr.

